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Common Horse Terms
Below we have compiled a list of some of the most common terms associated with horses, riding and more.
Above the bit
When a horse raises his mouth above the rider's hands to avoid the pressure of the bit.
Bale
A measurement of hay, equal to 10 "flakes".
Band
Group of horses
Bare-back riding
Riding without a saddle.
Bit
A metal part of the bridle that is inserted in the mouth of the horse.
Blinkers
A pair of leather eye-shields fixed to the bridle or head to prevent the horse from looking anywhere other than in front of it.
Bridle
A part of a horse’s saddle or harness, placed about the head.
Broodmare
A female horse that is used strictly for breeding.
Browband
The part of the bridle that lays across the horse’s forehead below the ears.
Canter
A slow running gait
Colt
A young male horse less than four years old.
Conditioned response
When a horse is trained to a stimulus the same way every time.
Conformation
The overall structure of the horse. What is acceptable conformation depends on what you plan to do with the horse.
Dam
The mother of the horse.
Dressage
The art of training horses to perform movements in a balanced and obedient manner.
Farrier
A person who makes horseshoes and shoes horses.
Filly
A young female horse less than four years old.
Foal
A young horse up to the age of 12 months.
Gait
The way a horse can move its feet to travel.
Gaited Horse
A horse that can travel in special ways that other horses cannot.
Gallop
The fastest movement of a horse.
Gelding
A castrated colt or stallion.
Hack
A pleasure ride.
Hand
A unit of measurement used in horses equal to four inches.
Mare
A female horse four years old or over.
Martingale
A leather device used to control the position of a horse's head.
Mane
The long hair growing on the top of a horse’s head and down his neck.
Overstride
Placing the back foot in front of the front footprint when traveling.
Piebald
A horse whose coat consists of patches of black and white.
Pedigree
A list of a horse’s ancestors.
Pony
A horse under 14 hands.
Reins
A pair of long straps attached to the bridle used to direct and control the horse.
Saddle
A seat for the rider on horseback.
Stallion
A male horse aged 4 years or over.
Trot
A medium-fast step natural to all horses, easily recognized by its up-and-down action.
Withers
The top of a horse’s shoulder, the highest part of the horse’s back.
Yearling
A horse just approaching or just turning one year old.
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